USA Biology Olympiad (USABO) Practice Exam

What is the primary reason behind the urgent need for antibiotic resistance monitoring in hospitals?

1. To decrease the cost of treatments

2. To ensure patient satisfaction

3. To prevent the spread of resistant strains

4. To improve genetic engineering techniques

The correct answer is: To prevent the spread of resistant strains

The primary reason behind the urgent need for antibiotic resistance monitoring in hospitals is to prevent the spread of resistant strains. Antibiotic resistance occurs when bacteria evolve and develop the ability to survive exposure to antibiotics that were previously effective against them. This development poses a significant public health risk, as infections caused by resistant bacteria are more challenging to treat, leading to longer hospital stays, higher medical costs, and increased mortality. Monitoring antibiotic resistance helps in identifying and tracking the occurrence of resistant strains within hospital settings. By doing so, healthcare professionals can implement targeted strategies to control the spread of these resistant organisms, such as improving infection control practices, optimizing antibiotic prescribing, and educating healthcare workers and patients about the proper use of antibiotics. While decreasing treatment costs, ensuring patient satisfaction, and improving genetic engineering techniques are important considerations in healthcare, they are not the primary focus of antibiotic resistance monitoring. The main goal is to safeguard public health by effectively managing and mitigating the risks associated with antibiotic-resistant infections.